Holy book of islam#islam holy book#The holy Quran#What is quran#Muslims holy book#

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 Title:Holy book of islam#islam holy book#The holy Quran#What is quran#Muslims holy book#

The holy book of Islam is the Quran (also spelled Qur'an or Koran). It is considered by Muslims to be the literal word of God (Allah) as revealed to the Prophet Muhammad through the archangel Gabriel over a period of approximately 23 years, beginning in 610 CE and concluding in 632 CE, the year of Muhammad's death.


### Structure


The Quran is written in Arabic and is composed of 114 chapters, known as surahs, which vary in length. Each surah is made up of a number of verses, called ayahs. The surahs are traditionally arranged roughly in order of decreasing length, rather than chronologically. The chapters revealed in Mecca (Makkan surahs) tend to be shorter and focus on themes such as monotheism, the afterlife, and moral conduct, while those revealed in Medina (Madinan surahs) are generally longer and address legal matters, social issues, and community organization.


### Major Themes


1. **Monotheism (Tawhid):** The central tenet of Islam is the belief in one, indivisible God. The Quran emphasizes God's oneness, uniqueness, and sovereignty.

   

2. **Prophethood (Nubuwwah):** The Quran acknowledges the prophets sent by God to guide humanity, with Muhammad being the final prophet.


3. **Revelation (Wahy):** The Quran itself is considered the final and most complete revelation, superseding previous scriptures like the Torah and the Bible.


4. **Afterlife (Akhirah):** The Quran provides detailed descriptions of the afterlife, including the concepts of heaven (Jannah) and hell (Jahannam), and the Day of Judgment.


5. **Guidance for Personal Conduct and Law (Sharia):** The Quran provides comprehensive guidance on personal behavior, social justice, family laws, and ethical conduct.


### Compilation and Preservation


The Quran was initially transmitted orally, with many of Muhammad's companions memorizing the entire text. After Muhammad's death, the third caliph, Uthman ibn Affan, ordered the compilation of the Quran into a single written text to preserve its authenticity and prevent discrepancies. This compilation was completed around 650 CE, and the standardized text has remained unchanged since.


### Recitation and Interpretation


Recitation of the Quran, known as Tajweed, follows specific rules to ensure proper pronunciation and melody. The Quran is not just read but recited, with great emphasis on phonetics and rhythm.


Interpretation of the Quran, or Tafsir, is a significant field of Islamic scholarship. It involves explaining the meanings, context, and applications of the verses. Classical tafsir includes works by scholars such as Ibn Kathir, Al-Tabari, and Al-Qurtubi.


### Significance


The Quran serves as the ultimate source of authority for Muslims, influencing all aspects of life, from spiritual practices to laws and governance. It is recited daily in prayers, memorized by millions, and studied extensively by scholars .


In summary, the Quran is central to Islamic faith and practice, serving as a comprehensive guide for moral conduct, legal principles, and spiritual insight for Muslims around the world.

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